Conquest of Mecca:
(Ramadan 8 Hijri) 630 AD:
The emigration to Madinah was in accordance with the command of Allah Ta’ala and the unending series of hardships and sufferings inflicted on the Muslims by the infidels demanded that Makkah should be bid farewell, so it was replaced by Madinah as the center of Islam. On the night of the chosen migration, Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa, upon coming out of Makkah, turned towards the city and said. O Makkah, I did not want to leave you, but my people have forced you to say goodbye. If Allah wills, I will come back to you. So after eight years, Allah gave me the opportunity to conquer Makkah. Yesterday’s emigrant Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is entering Makkah today as a victorious scholar. All obstacles have been destroyed.
Means:
Since the emergence of Islam, the mutual conflict between Kufr and Islam required that one of them should prevail. On the occasion of the Peace of Hudaybiyah, Quraysh Makkah had accepted the right of Muslims to perform Umrah. But when the Muslims came to Makkah to perform Umrah, the disbelievers went outside the Kaaba because they could not bear to see the Muslims circumambulating the Kaaba. Muslims also did not like that they should circumambulate the House of Allah and that it should be occupied by idolaters. Therefore, the Muslims wanted to make every possible effort to capture Makkah from the possession of the infidels and polytheists.
Central position of Makkah:
It is a fact that Makkah has been central from the beginning. Mecca has been the political and commercial center of Arabia. Quraysh has a distinguished and high position among all Arab tribes due to the service of Bait Allah and the respectable tribe of Makkah. As long as the leaders of Quraish remained opposed to Islam, the majority of the Arabs could not accept Islam. In continuous wars, Muslims destroyed the idol of Quraysh supremacy. The Muslims wished that the Quraysh should completely eliminate the power of Makkah and instead of disbelief and idolatry, Makkah should be declared the center of Islam and monotheism.
Violation of the Peace of Hudaybiyah and the attack on Banu Khuza'ah:
Two tribes of Arabs, Banu Khuza’a and Banu Bakr, were enemies of each other. Due to the peace of Hudaybiyah, Banu Khuza’a became friends of Muslims and Banu Bakr of Quraish. Despite the peace, feelings of mutual hatred existed among the allied tribes. According to the peace agreement, these tribes did not have the right to raise hands against each other. One night Banu Bakr attacked Banu Khuza’a with the help of Quraish. Banu Khuza’ah sought help from him against this oppression and fraud. The chiefs of Banu Khuza’ah, Badil bin Warqa and Umar bin Salim, reached Medina and told him the painful story of their oppression and destruction.
Announcing the Termination of the Hudaybiyah Peace Agreement:
Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) sent a messenger to Makkah after hearing the story of the atrocities on Banu Khuza’ah and the bad position of the Quraish.
- The blood of the victims should be paid.
- Quit supporting Quraysh Banu Bakr.
- It should be declared that the Hudaybiya Peace Treaty has been broken.
Quraish got excited and announced the termination of the agreement by accepting the third condition.
Failed attempt to renew contract:
When the messenger returned from Makkah, the Quraish feared that the Muslims might not attack Makkah, so they immediately sent Abu Sufyan to Madinah to renew the agreement so that there would be a chance for the renewal of the agreement۔
Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was very fed up with the Quraish’s misdeeds, so he flatly refused. Had to return.
Preparations for the Attack on Mecca:
Immediately after Abu Sufyan’s failed return, the Muslims were secretly ordered to be ready. His friendly tribes were also ordered to be ready in this regard. Along with this, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also took care that the people of Makkah should not be informed at all. When the preparations were completed, Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) left on the 10th of Ramadan, 8 Hijri according to 630 (AD) with an army of 10,000 men. On the way, the troops of the allied tribes also joined him. On the way, he met Hazrat Abbas. Those who had migrated to Medina were also included in the army. This army of Islam settled in the valley of Zahran at a distance of one storey near Makkah, and various troops spread far and wide. At night, Mujahideen were ordered to light a fire in front of their tents so as to strike terror and fear on the enemy. When the Quraysh came to know about the sudden arrival of the Muslims, they lost their senses. When Abu Sufyan went out at night to investigate the situation, the guards of the Prophet’s tent arrested him and brought him to the service of the Prophet. Hazrat Umar Farooq and a few other veterans asked for permission to try the sword on Abu Sufyan’s neck, but Rahmat Du Jahan, on the recommendation of his uncle Hazrat Abbas, did it with aplomb. The effect of this kindness was that Abu Sufyan became a Muslim.
Triumphal Entry of the Islamic Army into Makkah:
The next morning, the Mujahideen of Islam entered Mecca in a triumphant manner. Each tribe was passing by with its own flag, the slogan of Takbeer was being raised. The Prophet of God who left his home in the darkness of the night with a handful of his companions. Today he was entering Makkah Mukarrama with 10,000 soldiers, raising the flag of victory and Allah’s help.
Abu Sufyan stood on a high hill and was overwhelmed by the awe of the great army of Islam. The people of Makkah feared for their lives today.
The atrocities inflicted on these oppressors were visible in front of their eyes today. He was seeing his worst fate, moments later his fate was going to be decided.
Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (PBUH) declared:
Fatih Azam’s important declarations are worth considering.
- Weapons should not be raised against such a person who enters the Kaaba
- . The person who goes inside after closing the door of his house should not be killed
- The person who enters the house of Abu Sufyan and Hakeem bin Hizam should be given shelter. After this announcement, all of Mecca was occupied by the Muslims, where there was no resistance and the flag of victory was hoisted on the Kaaba. At one point Ikrama bin Abi Jahl and some of his companions tried to stop the troops of Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed which as a result, 12 infidels were killed and 3 Muslims were martyred
Purification of the Kaaba:
Upon entering Makkah, Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) first visited the Kaaba. At that time, there were about three hundred and sixty idols in the Kaaba. Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) paid attention to the construction of the Kaaba. Did you purify it from idols? You were breaking idols and reciting this verse with your blessed tongue.
۔ جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقا (بنی اسرائیل : 81)
Translation: “Truth has come and falsehood has disappeared. Verily, falsehood is something to be destroyed.”(Bani Israel: 81)
Makkah Fateh Sermon:
After finishing the purification of the Kaaba, he came to the courtyard of the Kaaba, where there were big enemies of Islam, there were also those who tried to destroy Islam, those who killed Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa, may God bless him and grant him peace. Plans were made. There were also those who put thorns and dirt in the path, and there were also those who were happy to abuse. They were also the ones who martyred Dandan Mubarak, they were also the ones who besieged Shab Abi Talib, they were also the ones who laid the Muslims on hot sand and coals. Today everyone’s eyes were lowered in shame and everyone’s heads were not raised and were afraid of their end. Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) said this sermon:
“Allah is One, He has no partner. He fulfilled His promise. He helped His servant, O people of Quraish! Today, God Almighty has erased the pride of ignorance and national pride. All people are children of Adam. And Adam was created from clay. Allah says: People! We have created you from a male and a female. We have divided you into different tribes so that you can recognize each other. In the sight of Allah, it is more honorable. Who is more pious.”
Disclaimer:
After finishing the sermon, Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) said:
You know what I am going to do with you today. Hearing this, everyone was shocked, then they started calling with humility and disobedience that you are a noble brother and the son of a noble father. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
لاتثرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْم (فقه السيرة : 382)
“Translation: Go, you are free! There is no grip on you today.” (Fiqh al-Sirah: 382)
The killers of Hazrat Hamza, Hinda, and the savage were also pardoned. He also forgave Habar Ibn Aswad who attacked his daughter. Influenced by this good behavior of Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ, people began to enter the circle of Islam in droves.
The Victory of Righteousness:
The conquest of Makkah proved that truth is always victorious. And falsehood is always open, because it is a fact that all the disbelievers had mentally accepted the truth and authenticity of Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa’s miracles, arguments and facts, but his ignorant pride, national prejudice and false family rule made him a Muslim. It was forbidden to happen. Today, falsehood, in spite of all its virtues, had suffocated and taken the path of escape.